Procedure for Export of Rice from India to China

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Dated: 10.06.2026

Procedure for Export of Rice from India to China

Exporting rice from India to China involves a series of well-defined procedures to ensure compliance with both countries’ regulatory and quality standards. This article provides a detailed overview of the official process, responsibilities, and requirements for exporters, laboratories, and other stakeholders involved in the rice export supply chain.

Purpose and Scope

The procedure aims to establish sanitary and phytosanitary requirements for rice exports to China. Only exporters and rice processing units registered with the General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China (GACC) or sourcing from GACC-registered facilities are permitted to export rice to China. The Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage (DPPQS), Government of India, is responsible for registering eligible rice mills and processing units.

Key Steps in the Export Process

1. Registration and Compliance

Exporter Registration: Exporters must be registered with GACC or source rice from GACC-registered facilities.
Processing Unit Registration: Rice mills and processing units must be registered with DPPQS.
HACCP Implementation: Manufacturing units must implement and maintain a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system.

2. Laboratory Testing and Certification

GMO Analysis: All rice consignments must be tested for genetically modified organisms (GMO) by APEDA-recognized laboratories accredited for GMO analysis in rice.
Sampling: Laboratories draw samples from GACC-registered facilities, analyze for defined GMO genes, and issue a Certificate of Analysis.
Phytosanitary Certificate: Exporters must obtain a Phytosanitary Certificate from DPPQS before export.

3. Documentation and Approvals

RCAC Application: Exporters must apply for a Registration-cum-Allocation Certificate (RCAC) for Basmati or non-Basmati rice from APEDA, submitting the Certificate of Analysis as part of the application.
Record Keeping: Laboratories and exporters must maintain detailed records for traceability and audit purposes.

Sampling and Laboratory Procedures

Sampling Requirements

Authorized Personnel: Only trained laboratory personnel may draw samples.
Sample Size: The number of primary samples depends on lot size and packaging (e.g., at least 3 samples for lots under 50 kg, 5 for 50–500 kg, and 10 for over 500 kg).
Randomization: Samples must be taken from random positions within the lot.
Sample Packaging: Samples must be securely packaged, labeled, and delivered to the laboratory within 48 hours.

Laboratory Analysis

Analytical Standards: PCR-based methods, preferably Real-Time PCR, are used for GMO detection, following international standards (ISO 21571, 21569, 21570, 24276).
Quality Control: Laboratories must operate under ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation, use certified reference materials, and maintain strict quality assurance protocols.
Reporting: Results are reported as “Detected” or “Not Detected at or Above the Method LOD” (Limit of Detection), with clear documentation of methods and findings.

Responsibilities of Stakeholders

Exporters

Ensure rice is sourced from GACC-registered units.
Register on the GACC CIFER system if required.
Obtain all necessary certificates (Phytosanitary, Certificate of Analysis, RCAC).
Apply for sample testing using the prescribed format (Annexure-I).
Do not relocate the lot after sampling.
Submit all documentation to APEDA prior to export.

Laboratories

Draw samples from registered facilities as per procedure.
Analyze samples for GMO markers (e.g., CaMV 35S Promoter, NOS terminator, CryIA(b), CryIA(c), Bar gene).
Issue Certificate of Analysis within 5 days of sampling.
Retain remnant and reference samples for specified periods (90 and 120 days, respectively).
Submit quarterly summaries of GMO tests to APEDA.

Documentation and Traceability

Annexure-I: Application for sample drawal, including exporter and consignment details.
Annexure-II: Certificate of Analysis format, detailing sampling, analysis, and results.
Record Keeping: Complete records of sample receipt, analysis, and reporting must be maintained for traceability.

References and Related Documents

Standard Operating Procedures for Rice Export to China (DPPQS, India)
EU and ISO standards for GMO analysis and sampling
Phytosanitary Certificate by NPPO India
RCAC issued by APEDA

Conclusion

Adhering to these procedures ensures that Indian rice exports to China meet stringent quality, safety, and regulatory requirements. Exporters and laboratories must work closely to maintain compliance, ensure traceability, and uphold the reputation of Indian rice in the global market.

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Source: APEDA

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