Securing India’s supply chain for critical minerals

The National Mineral Policy (NMP) 2019, formulated by the Government of India, aims to promote sustainable mining practices while ensuring the optimal utilization of mineral resources. It emphasizes ease of doing business, environmental protection, and community welfare in mining operations.

Key highlights include:

  • Regulatory Reforms: A transparent and streamlined process for granting mineral concessions, strengthening enforcement mechanisms, and integrating e-governance.
  • Sustainable Development: Encourages scientific mining methods, infrastructure development, and responsible mine closures to protect the environment and biodiversity.
  • Foreign Investment & Trade: Focus on value-added mineral exports, aligning foreign trade policies with domestic needs, and attracting FDI.
  • Research & Technology: Promotes innovation in mineral exploration, deep-sea mining, and mineral processing technologies.
  • Social Responsibility: Ensures the welfare of project-affected persons, tribal communities, and mine workers through rehabilitation, resettlement, and benefit-sharing via District Mineral Foundations (DMF).

The Union Cabinet has approved the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) with a total outlay of โ‚น34,300 crore over seven years, aiming to build a resilient value chain for critical mineral resources essential to green technologies.

Key Details of the Mission:

  • Financial Allocation: The mission will be implemented by the Ministry of Mines from FY 2024-25 to FY 2030-31, with โ‚น16,300 crore allocated for budgetary support and an additional โ‚น18,000 crore expected from public sector undertakings (PSUs) and other entities.
  • Comprehensive Value Chain Coverage: NCMM will encompass all stages of the critical mineral value chain, including exploration, mining, beneficiation, processing, and recovery from end-of-life products.
  • Domestic Exploration and Production: The mission aims to intensify the exploration of critical minerals within India and its offshore areas, establishing a fast-track regulatory approval process for mining projects. Financial incentives will be provided for exploration and the recovery of minerals from overburden and tailings.
  • International Collaboration: NCMM encourages Indian PSUs and private sector companies to acquire critical mineral assets abroad and enhance trade with resource-rich countries. It also proposes the development of stockpiles of critical minerals within the country to ensure supply security.
  • Infrastructure and Research Development: The mission includes provisions for setting up mineral processing parks, supporting the recycling of critical minerals, and promoting research through the establishment of a Centre of Excellence on Critical Minerals

This initiative is a significant step towards securing India’s supply chain for critical minerals, which are vital for high-tech industries, clean energy, and defense sectors.

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